This summer has seen two major climate advisory opinions published – first from the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACtHR), and then from the International Court of Justice (ICJ). Both opinions address human rights law, embedding human rights in a broader overarching framework of international law that also includes international […]
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On July 24, 2025, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) delivered its long-awaited advisory opinion on climate change. Reactions have been swift and enthusiastic. Some of the excitement arguably stems less from the content of the ruling than from the sheer scale of the process itself. The list of individuals […]
The advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) on the Obligations of States in Respect of Climate Change has already been hailed as a historic contribution to the evolving body of case-law on climate-related international law. The opinion was described as a “historic legal victory for small island […]
For the second time in a month, one of the world’s highest judicial authorities has issued an advisory opinion on the climate crisis that highlights the importance of the human right to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment. Echoing the Inter-American Court of Human Rights in its Advisory Opinion 32/25, […]
Within a single month, two groundbreaking advisory opinions on climate change have been issued, fundamentally shaking the field of international environmental and human rights law: the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACtHR) Advisory Opinion OC-32/25 on the “Climate Emergency and Human Rights” and the International Court of Justice’s (ICJ’s) Advisory […]
Advisory Opinion 32/25 (AO-32/25) of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACtHR) marks a turning point in the interpretation of international human rights law in relation to climate change. In AO-32/25, the IACtHR recognizes that the world is facing a genuine climate emergency and affirms that this situation demands an […]
“An existential threat” – this is how the International Court of Justice (ICJ) characterized climate change in its long-awaited advisory opinion on the obligations of States with respect to climate change. In the most significant development in international climate law since the adoption of the Paris Agreement, the ICJ outlined […]
Corporations, especially those engaged in fossil fuel production, agriculture, construction, and transportation, play a significant role in the climate crisis and in its human rights impacts. Holding businesses responsible for their human rights and environmental harms has been a perennial challenge that has become increasingly acute in the climate crisis. […]