{"id":6336,"date":"2019-03-19T11:34:57","date_gmt":"2019-03-19T16:34:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.law.columbia.edu\/climatechange\/?p=6336"},"modified":"2019-03-19T11:34:57","modified_gmt":"2019-03-19T16:34:57","slug":"a-scientific-perspective-on-epas-proposal-to-weaken-performance-standards-for-new-coal-fired-power-plants","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.law.columbia.edu\/climatechange\/2019\/03\/19\/a-scientific-perspective-on-epas-proposal-to-weaken-performance-standards-for-new-coal-fired-power-plants\/","title":{"rendered":"A Scientific Perspective on EPA\u2019s Proposal to Weaken Performance Standards for New Coal-fired Power Plants"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\" class=\"sharethis-inline-share-buttons\" ><\/div><figure id=\"attachment_6339\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6339\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.law.columbia.edu\/climatechange\/files\/2019\/03\/Petra-Nova_1492089292119_9434346_ver1.0_1280_720.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6339 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.law.columbia.edu\/climatechange\/files\/2019\/03\/Petra-Nova_1492089292119_9434346_ver1.0_1280_720-e1553013131347-300x290.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"290\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.law.columbia.edu\/climatechange\/files\/2019\/03\/Petra-Nova_1492089292119_9434346_ver1.0_1280_720-e1553013131347-300x290.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.law.columbia.edu\/climatechange\/files\/2019\/03\/Petra-Nova_1492089292119_9434346_ver1.0_1280_720-e1553013131347.jpg 745w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-6339\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u00a0 \u00a0 The Petra Nova carbon capture facility in Texas.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>This week, the Sabin Center and a group of scientists with expertise on carbon capture and sequestration (\u201cCCS\u201d) technologies submitted <a href=\"https:\/\/columbiaclimatelaw.com\/files\/2016\/05\/Comments-on-Proposed-Revisions-to-CO2-NSPS-for-Power-Plants.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">comments<\/a> on EPA\u2019s proposal to weaken the CO<sub>2<\/sub> performance standards for new coal-fired power plants. \u00a0As discussed in a <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.law.columbia.edu\/climatechange\/2018\/12\/07\/four-important-points-about-epas-revised-new-source-performance-standards-for-electric-generating-units\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">previous blog post<\/a>, the current standards, which were promulgated in 2015, reflect the emissions reductions that can be achieved by using post-combustion CCS technologies to capture and store a percentage of the CO<sub>2<\/sub> emissions generated (16-23% depending on the type of coal used). This decision was based on EPA\u2019s determination that partial CCS was adequately demonstrated, technically feasible, and widely available. EPA is now proposing to change course on its CCS feasibility determination and to issue standards that do not account for the emissions reductions achievable through CCS \u2013 and as a result, the proposed standards are significantly weaker than the 2015 standards.<\/p>\n<p>Our comment letter addresses the scientific validity of EPA\u2019s new position, focusing on some of the erroneous conclusions reached by EPA with respect to the feasibility and geographic availability of partial CCS for coal-fired power plants. The letter summarizes the technical basis for EPA\u2019s original CCS determination, drawing from an <a href=\"https:\/\/columbiaclimatelaw.com\/files\/2016\/12\/Burger-and-Wentz-2016-12-CCS-Scientists-Amicus-Brief.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">amicus brief<\/a> that we submitted on behalf of CCS experts in the lawsuit challenging the initial rule. Two key points made therein are that:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>CCS technologies have been proven through decades of experience in industrial applications and are now being successfully deployed on a large scale to capture and permanently store CO<sub>2<\/sub> emissions from power plants. In particular, all components of the CCS system which served as the basis for the 2015 rule (post-combustion capture, pipeline transport, and storage in deep saline reservoirs) have been adequately demonstrated.<\/li>\n<li>Projects that are currently in operation today show that it is possible to store CO<sub>2<\/sub> emissions from power plants at a scale even larger than that contemplated by the 2015 rule. These include the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.saskpower.com\/our-power-future\/infrastructure-projects\/carbon-capture-and-storage\/boundary-dam-carbon-capture-project\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Boundary Dam<\/a> facility in Canada and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nrg.com\/case-studies\/petra-nova.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Petra Nova facility<\/a> in the United States.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>In addition, the comment letter addresses some of EPA\u2019s revised findings on the geographic availability of CCS, specifically that:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Contrary to EPA\u2019s new analysis, geologic sequestration of CO<sub>2<\/sub> in saline reservoirs is technically feasible and saline storage reservoirs are widely available throughout the United States. NETL has estimated that the total storage capacity of saline formations in the U.S. ranges from 2,379 &#8211; 21,633 billion tons CO<sub>2<\/sub>. This is an enormous amount of storage capacity; as a point of comparison, total U.S. CO<sub>2<\/sub> emissions in 2017 were approximately 5.3 billion tons.<\/li>\n<li>EPA lacked a basis for concluding that the water requirements for CCS would reduce the overall geographic availability of CCS to the extent that the 2015 standards are unreasonable. While it is true that most existing CCS systems require a substantial amount of water to operate, these water requirements are much smaller than the overall water requirements for a new coal-fired power plant, and there is no evidence that the marginal increase in water requirements would play a significant role in siting decisions for new power plants.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Finally, the letter addresses EPA\u2019s claims about the performance at the Boundary Dam and Petra Nova facilities. EPA cited performance issues at these facilities as one reason for reversing course on its CCS determination. It is true that the facilities encountered some problems during their first years of operation, but what EPA failed to acknowledge is that both facilities are currently capturing CO<sub>2<\/sub> emissions in quantities that are far greater than what would be required for a new coal-fired power plant under the 2015 rule.<\/p>\n<p>This comment letter is part of the Center\u2019s ongoing work to respond to regulatory rollbacks of greenhouse gas emission standards. Our comment letters on this and other proposals are available on our website <a href=\"https:\/\/columbiaclimatelaw.com\/publications\/comments-and-briefs\/\">here<\/a>, and we track federal developments on our <a href=\"https:\/\/columbiaclimatelaw.com\/resources\/climate-deregulation-tracker\/\">Climate Deregulation Tracker<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The Center also recently published a new report on <a href=\"https:\/\/columbiaclimatelaw.com\/files\/2019\/03\/Webb-Gerrard-2019-03-Offshore-Carbon-Dioxide-Storage.pdf\"><em>Overcoming Impediments to Offshore Carbon Dioxide Storage \u2013 Legal Issues in the U.S. and Canada<\/em> (Romany M. Webb &amp; Michael B. Gerrard)<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This week, the Sabin Center and a group of scientists with expertise on carbon capture and sequestration (\u201cCCS\u201d) technologies submitted comments on EPA\u2019s proposal to weaken the CO2 performance standards for new coal-fired power plants. \u00a0As discussed in a previous blog post, the current standards, which were promulgated in 2015, reflect the emissions reductions that [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1403,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[65702,5677,9415,9485,8460],"tags":[65703,9402,9415,65704,9485],"class_list":{"0":"post-6336","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-carbon-capture-and-storage","7":"category-clean-air-act","8":"category-coal","9":"category-deregulation","10":"category-epa","11":"tag-carbon-capture","12":"tag-co2","13":"tag-coal","14":"tag-coal-fired-power-plants","15":"tag-deregulation","16":"czr-hentry"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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